Worldview

The Danger of Telling Poor Kids That College is the Key to Social Mobility
Andrew Simmons says “College should be ‘sold’ to all students as an opportunity to experience an intellectual awakening,” rather than a way to a higher income.

When school environments casually yet consistently deemphasize the intellectual benefits of higher education, students become less imaginative about their futures.  According to ACT’s College Choice Report from November 2013, 32 percent of students pick a college major that doesn’t really interest them. The same study suggests that students are less likely to graduate when they do this.

He cites fascinating research that should how schools have a “hidden curriculum” that conditions kids for their positions in society:

  • Schools teaching the children of affluent families prepared those kids to take on leadership roles and nurtured their capacity for confident self-expression and argument.
  • Schools teaching children from low-income families focused on keeping students busy and managing behavior.
  • A middle-class school deemphasized individual expression and in-depth analysis and rewarded the dutiful completion of specified rote tasks.

The last category explains the misery of my own school years, and that of many boys I know. I totally agree with Simmons final challenge:

Schools can either perpetuate inequity through social reproduction or have a transformative effect and help students transcend it.

Religious Hostilities Reach a 6-Year High
Pew Research Center Reports that ,ore than 5.3 billion people (76% of the world’s population) live in countries with a high or very high level of restrictions on religion, up from 74% in 2011 and 68% as of mid-2007.

Among the world’s 25 most populous countries, Egypt, Indonesia, Russia, Pakistan and Burma (Myanmar) had the most restrictions on religion in 2012, when both government restrictions and social hostilities are taken into account. As in the previous year, Pakistan had the highest level of social hostilities involving religion, and Egypt had the highest level of government restrictions on religion

The Inequality Problem
According to David Brooks, the present divisive campaign against income inequality “lumps together different issues that are not especially related.”

At the top end, there is the growing wealth of the top 5 percent of workers….At the bottom end, there is a growing class of people stuck on the margins, generation after generation. This is caused by high dropout rates, the disappearance of low-skill jobs, breakdown in family structures and so on.

As both extremes have different causes, you cannot expect to raise lower incomes by reducing higher incomes.

Research on the effects of raising the minimum wage finds “no evidence that such raises had any effect on the poverty rates.” That’s because only “11% of the workers affected by such an increase come from poor households. Nearly two-thirds of such workers are the second or third earners living in households at twice the poverty line or above.”

The primary problem for the poor is not that they are getting paid too little for the hours they work. It is that they are not working full time or at all. Raising the minimum wage is popular politics; it is not effective policy.

Brooks says that the causes are a complex mix of social, cultural, and behavioral factors.

  • There is a very strong correlation between single motherhood and low social mobility.
  • There is a very strong correlation between high school dropout rates and low mobility.
  • here is a strong correlation between the fraying of social fabric and low economic mobility.
  • There is a strong correlation between de-industrialization and low social mobility.
  • Many men, especially young men, are engaging in behaviors that damage their long-term earning prospects; much more than comparable women.

Low income is the outcome of these interrelated problems, but it is not the problem. To say it is the problem is to confuse cause and effect. To say it is the problem is to give yourself a pass from exploring the complex and morally fraught social and cultural roots of the problem. It is to give yourself permission to ignore the parts that are uncomfortable to talk about but that are really the inescapable core of the thing.


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How to Make MOOCs Work
Looks like another educational revolution is biting the dust: MOOC provider Coursera…found that an average of just 4 percent of MOOC users actually completed the courses. The completion rate ranged from 2 percent to 14 percent…Massive open online courses (MOOCs) have relatively few active users, that user engagement falls off dramatically–especially after the first 1-2 weeks of a course–and that few users persist to the course end,” the study said.

Seven Standards of Good Writing
Want to writer better? Or read better? Barnabas Piper has some advice : “These seven standards combine into a whole. None can be removed and a piece of writing remain good. It’s by no means an exhaustive list, but maybe it will be helpful to you in your own reading and in conversation”

20 Most Important Counseling Books of 2013
Bob Kellemen is our reliable guide. (Here’s part two).

How God turns a French Atheist into a Christian Theologian (HT: Zach Neilsen)
This is a wonderful conversion story.

A Calvinist and a Fundamentalist Walk Into a Bar
I presume it was a New Calvinist, but anyway, Tim helps us find our particular area of spiritual weakness.

Defining our Vocation
This would be a good video for a youth group.

Kate Harris, executive director of The Washington Institute for Faith, Vocation, and Culture, wants to change how we think about vocation. Since “vocation” is derived from the Latin word vox, which means “voice” or “vocal,” she says, we should think about it as “one’s entire life lived in response to God’s voice or call.” It’s more about who we are (identity) and whose we are (belonging) than about what we do.


Children’s Bible Reading Plan

Here’s this week’s morning and evening reading plan in Word and pdf.

This week’s single reading plan for morning or evening in Word and pdf.

If you want to start at the beginning, this is the first year of the children’s Morning and Evening Bible reading plan in Word and pdf.

The second year of morning and evening readings in Word and pdf.

The first 12 months of the Morning or Evening Bible reading plan in Word and pdf.

Here’s an explanation of the plan.

The daily Bible Studies gathered into individual Bible books.

Old Testament

New Testament


The Two Johns On Old Testament Faith

John Newton and John Owen were two very different Christians but they were united in their view of how Old Testament believers were saved and what their faith was in.

John Newton taught that the Gospel of Jesus Christ was revealed immediately after Adam and Eve’s first sin and became the object of faith from that moment on.

The Lord Jesus was promised under the character of the seed of the woman, as the great deliverer who should repair the breach of sin, and retrieve the ruin of human nature. From that hour, he became the object of faith, and the author of salvation, to every soul that aspired to communion with God, and earnestly sought deliverance from guilt and wrath (Works, Vol. 3, p. 3).

Newton went on to say that although this revelation of Christ was initially veiled under types and shadows, “it was always sufficient to sustain the hopes, and to purify the hearts, of the true worshippers of God.” Newton even goes so far as to say that they were Christians.

That the patriarchs and prophets of old were in this sense Christians, that is to say, that their joy and trust centered in the promised Messiah, and that the faith, whereby they overcame the world, was the same faith in the same Lord with ours, is unanswerably proved by St. Paul in several passages; particularly in Heb. xi. where he at large insists on the characters of Abel, Enoch, Noah, Abraham, and Moses, to illustrate this very point.

What about when the law came at Sinai? Did that change or annul the Gospel promises? No, says Newton.

His grace always preserved a spiritual people amongst them, whose faith in the Messiah taught them the true meaning of the Levitical law, and inspired them with zeal and sincerity in the service of God.

John Owen puts it even stronger.

That the faith of all believers, from the foundation of the world, had a respect unto [Christ], I shall afterwards demonstrate; and to deny it, is to renounce both the Old Testament and the New. (John Owen, Works, Vol. 1, p. 100).

Owen, however goes on to argue that their faith was different to ours in this respect, that “this faith of theirs did principally respect his person” but they little understood “his office, or the way whereby he would redeem the church.”

He gives Peter as an example of this distinction in Matthew 16:16 where he confesses faith in Christ’s person but then almost immediately rejects the idea that he would save by suffering and dying (v. 22).

Owen accepts that the Old Testament, especially the sacrificing work of the priests, revealed Christ’s office and work also, but much of that was in shadow form, especially when contrasted with the “glorious revelations they had of his person” so that “their faith in him was the life of all their obedience.”

In answer to those who wonder what’s the point of reading the Old Testament, Owen argues that with the benefit of New Testament light, “The meanest believer may now find out more of the work of Christ in the types of the Old Testament, than any prophets or wise men could have done of old.”

Despite this disadvantage that Old Testament believers labored under, Owen vehemently refutes the idea that there was ever any way of salvation for anyone apart from faith in Christ.

From the giving of that promise the faith of the whole church was fixed on him whom God would send in our nature, to redeem and save them. Other way of acceptance with him there was none provided, none declared, but only by faith in this promise.

After a survey of Old Testament believers to prove his point, Owen returns to clarify his basic person/work distinction.

It is true that both these and other prophets had revelations concerning his sufferings also. For “the Spirit of Christ that was in them testified beforehand of his sufferings, and the glory that should follow,” (1 Pet. 1:11)….Nevertheless their conceptions concerning them were dark and obscure. It was his person that their faith principally regarded. Thence were they filled with desires and expectations of his coming, or his exhibition and appearance in the flesh. With the renewed promises hereof did God continually refresh the church in its strait and difficulties. And hereby did God call off the body of the people from trust in themselves, or boasting in their present privileges, which they were exceedingly prone unto.


Worldview

How Primitive Sociology is Killing the Church of England
Brian Brown turns to basic sociology to argue against the current “dumbing down” or “de-Christianizing” of the Church of England’s liturgy.

Any society worth joining has elements of moral capital. From the high school chess club to sports team fan bases to fraternal organizations to communities and nations, moral and social cohesion are maintained through shared expectations of what it means to be a member and what it requires of you. To use an American analogy: nobody would consider you a real baseball fan if you didn’t come to games, wear your team’s colors, know its players and coaches and history, despise the rival team, and understand the unwritten rules players and fans observe during a game (the British used to call them “manners”).

In other words, nobody wants to be a member of a club that’s so inclusive that membership means nothing. This is especially true of religious organizations. Haidt and other social scientists have found that “costly religious rituals” that demand things of you, which they initially viewed with enlightened Western skepticism, are actually one of the crucial elements of building and sustaining moral capital.

Brown’s point is that under cover of making things more understandable so that more people will join the community of faith, there’s the huge risk that there will be nothing left to commune around!

More Than 1 Billion People Are Desperately Poor
Nearly half of the world’s population lives on less than $2 a day. Of these, 1 billion live on less than $1 a day. Experts call these the desperately poor. They live in places like in Haiti, India, Mexico, the Philippines, and Africa. They have no running water, no medical care, nor education. Most survive by eating at garbage dumps.

The Bible is not silent about God’s concern for the poor. He counts on us to help them, especially us whom He has redeemed.

The New Intolerance: Will We Regret Pushing Christians out of Public Life?
Christine Odone was invited to speak at a conference on traditional marriage in London, and twice the event was cancelled at the last minute because the venue managers at two prestigious locations said that it contravened their diversity policies. She started researching the matter and was shocked at the results:

Not not only Christians, but also Muslims and Jews, increasingly feel they are no longer free to express any belief, no matter how deeply felt, that runs counter to the prevailing fashions for superficial “tolerance” and “equality” (terms which no longer bear their dictionary meaning but are part of a political jargon in which only certain views, and certain groups, count as legitimate).

Only 50 years ago, liberals supported “alternative culture”; they manned the barricades in protest against the establishment position on war, race and feminism. Today, liberals abhor any alternative to their credo. No one should offer an opinion that runs against the grain on issues that liberals consider “set in stone”, such as sexuality or the sanctity of life.

Intolerance is no longer the prerogative of overt racists and other bigots – it is state-sanctioned. It is no longer the case that the authorities are impartial on matters of belief, and will intervene to protect the interests and heritage of the weak. When it comes to crushing the rights of those who dissent from the new orthodoxy, politicians and bureaucrats alike are in the forefront of the attacks, not the defence.

Odone warns America that what’s happened in Europe is crossing the Atlantic and calls on us to learn from…gays! She says that like gays, Christians and other minority religions should stop hiding bashfully and fearfully in the shadows and instead “step forward into the limelight, dismantling prejudices that they must be suspect, lonely, losers. Believers should present themselves as ordinary people, men and women who worry about the price of the weekly shop and the size of the monthly mortgage.

Let outsiders see the faithful as a vulnerable group persecuted by right-on and politically correct fanatics who don’t believe in free speech. Let them see believers pushed to the margins of society, in need of protection to survive. Banned, misrepresented, excluded – and all because of their religion? Even the most hardbitten secularist and the most intolerant liberal should be offended by the kind of censorship people of faith are facing today. If believers can awaken a sense of justice in those around them, they may have taken a first important step in reclaiming the west as an area where God is welcome.

I wish Odone was right, that a bit more boldness and ordinariness would do the trick. There’s one major flaw with her analogy and it’s John 3:19. If I may paraphrase: “Men love homosexuality rather than Christianity, because their deeds are evil.” Homosexuals have been successful because evil appeals to evil. We must not underestimate the enmity against God and good in the human heart (Rom. 8:7). The only solution is an outpouring of the Holy Spirit in both common grace and saving grace.

The Distinct Positive Impact of a Good Dad
Jennifer Aniston said, ”Women are realizing it more and more knowing that they don’t have to settle with a man just to have that child.”

But this Dad-demeaning view overlooks a growing body of research suggesting that men bring much more to the parenting enterprise than money.

Yale psychiatrist Kyle Pruett has argued that fathers often engage their children in ways that differ from the ways in which mothers engage their children. Now a new book, Gender and Parenthood: Biological and Social Scientific Perspectives has highlighted four ways in which today’s dads tend to make distinctive contributions to their children’s lives:

The Power of Play: From a Saturday morning spent roughhousing with a four-year-old son to a weekday afternoon spent coaching middle-school football, fathers typically spend more of their time engaged in vigorous play than do mothers, and play a uniquely physical role in teaching their sons and daughters how to handle their bodies and their emotions on and off the field.

Encouraging risk: In their approach to childrearing, fathers are more likely to encourage their children to take risks, embrace challenges, and be independent, whereas mothers are more likely to focus on their children’s safety and emotional well-being.

Protecting his own: Fathers play an important role in protecting their children from threats in the larger environment…Fathers, by dint of their size, strength, or aggressive public presence, appear to be more successful in keeping predators and bad peer influences away from their sons and daughters. Paternal absence has been cited by multiple scholars as the single greatest risk factor in teen pregnancy for girls.

Dad’s discipline: Although mothers typically discipline their children more often than do fathers, dads’ disciplinary style is distinctive. Fathers tend to be more willing than mothers to confront their children and enforce discipline, leaving their children with the impression that they in fact have more authority.

The contributions that fathers make to their children’s lives can be seen in three areas: reduced teenage delinquency, pregnancy, and depression.


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Dear Daddy in Seat 16C
You may want to read this if you have an autistic child. You definitely want to read it if you don’t.

A Weak Gospel Creates Weak Families
A summary of a speech by Shawn Mathis at the Family in Crisis Symposium: “Any objective evaluation of this family crisis must include the fact that a man-centered religion has replaced a Christ-centered Gospel. When legalism or lawlessness infects and weakens the wonderful doctrines of grace, families will begin to crumble. A weak gospel creates weak families.”

Thirteen Tips for Giving a Well-Organized and Informative Speech
The first six of these could transform many’s a sermon. Note especially #1 and #4.

Ministering to the Middle Class
Jeremy Walker squares off with Mez MccConnell: “Behind those manicured lawns and mock-Tudor frontages, behind those nice townhouse exteriors, behind those saccharine portraits of domestic bliss, are hearts full of sin. The people I go to are not nice, law-abiding citizens. Some of the tensions and feuds between neighbors are scarcely believable, fought out with icy silences and letters to local authorities rather than with bottles and bats, though the tensions often break out in angry, vicious speech that would make a docker blush.”

Abortion Meets a New Generation
A new generation of evangelicals is queasy with making a big issue of abortion. Dan Darling and Andrew Walker explain how you can;t tout social justice will side-stepping the sanctity of life.

Light in the Darkness
Get yourself over to Challies to watch this stirring film and show it to your family at the weekend.